Cell Phones And Its Impact On Human Life - 1499 Words

Technology has advanced rapidly over the past several decades. However, nothing seems as impactful as the advancement of cell phones and their abilities. Advancement in cell phone computers has led to technologies that have improved the overall quality of human life. Today s modern cell phones combine multiple devices into one, which gives the cell phone many different uses. The advancement in cell phones has impacted the way humans interact with each other as well as form relationships. Cell phones have been around since the early 1920s, instead of being the mobile phone we have today, these phones were radios that were used and becoming the new communication devices. The first phone that was invented was the radio-car-phones made on†¦show more content†¦The reason for this is because The Cellular Technology Industry was created, and helped make this small industry into a huge empire. In 1991 the first mobile phone was available to the public, and at the time this was known as the most evolved phone to have ever come out. Eventually, cell phones had 3G, short for the third generation and meant that these devices were now able to access the internet wirelessly. They later had a small problem, there was not enough internet for all of our desires, therefore we needed more gigabytes. On Britannica Academic, The increasing demands placed on mobile telephones to handle even more data than 3G could lead to the development of 4G technology. In 2008 the ITU set forw ard a list of requirements for what it called IMT-Advanced or 4G; these requirements included data rates of 1 gigabit per second for a stationary user and 100 megabits per second for a moving user. (Borth) Now, years later and we are in 2017. Little did we realize that we have evolved so much more since our first evolved phone back in 1991. We have created more evolved phones thanks to technology and science. We now have phones that are as small as our hand, between 4 inches to six inches tall, and as thin as 6.9mm-7.1mm. When the first cell phone was released they were known for keeping in contact with people we do not see every day such as far away from family members or friends that are gone forShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Cell Phone Safety Essay1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe cell phone safety In spite of the fact that cell phones convey a few expediency and advantages to our lives, they additionally have some possibly unsafe impacts. Disclosure of cell phones has been one of the critical technological progress lately. A portion of these effects has contributed emphatically to our lives, yet at the same time, others have affected contrarily. The cell phones have had a noticeable effect on the social life of individuals. In any case, cell phones have accompaniedRead MoreImpact Of Cell Phones On Society1509 Words   |  7 PagesImpacts of Cellphones use in Society Advancements in technology have resulted in the invention of devices and machines that increase the efficiency and quality of life. Notably, the design of the cellphone and the internet highlights the latest technology that captivates both young and old. Mobile phones have become an integral part of our society. Primarily, the development of cellphones which combine different sophisticated features has made the device one of the necessities of life. So far, statisticsRead MoreCan Cell Phones Harm our Health? Essay962 Words   |  4 Pagesradiation coming from our cell phones? Over the past few years there has been concern about our health when it comes to cell phones. Some people say that cell phones are dangerous because there is harmful radiation coming from them. Others say that cell phones are safe. However, cell phones emit 900-1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields during calls which effects the protein structures in mice and humans (Eid 573). Therefore, cell phones ca n be dangerous to humans. Most studies that show thatRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Society888 Words   |  4 PagesCell phones are one of the numerous technologies that have changed our lives in astounding ways. Similar to any external stimuli, cell phone usage can form an addiction that negatively impacts your life. Two covers for The New Yorker, â€Å"Unmasked† and â€Å"Sweet Nothings† convey the same message of cell phone addiction distracting people from living in the present moment and enjoying their lives. â€Å"Unmasked† depicts parents taking their children trick-or-treating, which would normally be an enjoyable momentRead MoreEffects Of Technology On Society s Society1246 Words   |  5 Pages(Negative Effects of Technology). The computers are controlling minds, and humans are acting more as robots than citizens. Over the last few decades, there has been a dramatic improvement in the development and use of technology. Workplaces have gone from handwritten records to storing all information on computers. Cell phones are available at immediate disposal to contact anyone, friend or foe. But the impact computers and cell phones are leaving on society may not be for the best. There are many benefitsRead MoreFor The Last Couple Of Decades, The Evolution Of Cell Phones1389 Words   |  6 Pagesevolution of cell phones has happened fast, and it has happened right before our eyes. The memories about having a house phone with a cord on a table or attached to the wall are still on m y mind. Nowadays, however, a person needs only one device to do different things at the same time, when in the past one needed three different devices to be able to do their things, and it was time-consuming. Not everybody has adapted to the new era of cell phones. There are still people who think cell phones are moreRead MoreThe Impact Of Modern Technology On Us And Our Society Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of the Modern Technology on us and our society. Today it is hard to imagine what our lives would look like without the technology that surrounds us, it is even harder to imagine what our lives would be with the technological advancements that begun to take shape during the industrial revolution that, begun in England during the 18th century. The industrial revolution brought on many changes into humans everyday lives, allowing us as mankind to increasingly become smarter, faster andRead MoreImpact of the Technology on Each Individual’s Behavior1129 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: IMPACTOF THE TEHNOLOGY ON EACH INDIVIDUAL’S BEHAVIOR Impact of the Technology on Each Individual’s Behavior Author Note This paper was prepared for English 111, taught by Professor Dirks. Abstract This paper explores four published articles that report on results from research conducted the texting has been become the part of life and the influence of abbreviations leads a serious argument. The articles, however, vary in the situations and reacts diversity conclusions. â€Å"IRead MoreThe Effect Of Cell Phone On College Students Interaction At Dining Table1641 Words   |  7 Pagesaffected every aspect of human social interaction. My observation on college students using cell phone at dining hall has raised my question of how does cell phone influences people’s interaction at dinner table. My review topic would be focusing on the effects of cell phone presence on college students’ interaction at dining table. I want to find out how cell phone affects students’ attention on other people sitting around them in the same table. Moreover, how does cell phone affects students’ conversationRead MoreTaking a Look at Mobile Technolgy712 Words   |  3 P agesMobile technology is the technology people use it all the time in their everyday life. In the early nineteenth century there were only rotary phones which are lot bigger than cell phone we have it now a days. Not everybody had rotary phone because if we look at their time history, having a phone meant a lot back at that time. After cellphone came in life became a lot easier. Now a day everybody have phone including children’s and senior citizens as well. After years of research and experiment, cellphones

LIfe Goals Free Essays

Considering your lifetime goals, discuss how your current and future academic and extra-curricular activities might help you achieve your goals I left college for a year to come back home and work. At the time that I left school I didn’t think that it was for me. I was working my butt off at school every day with no reward. We will write a custom essay sample on LIfe Goals or any similar topic only for you Order Now At times I felt as if it was all for nothing. I didn’t have a Job, I needed money and I stayed stressed out and bogged down with all different types of coursework. I just felt that my talents and effort could be put to better use elsewhere. I felt that if I dropped out and became employed full time that that situation would better suit me. However, after having had taken the working man’s route and still barely making ends meet I feel like I made an irrational decision by leaving college. I also found out that a college graduate has the potential to make up to a million more dollars in their lifetime as opposed to those with only a high school diploma. That tiny bit of information was enough to change my mind and lead me towards wanting to get back into school. I made a hasty decision in leaving school in the first place. I was more concerned about my current living situation Instead of being focused on long term goals and how successful I wanted to be later on In life. I guess I can say that I had a little growing up to do. Now I can confidently say that I’m more focused than Eve ever been In my entire life and that nothing will hinder me from becoming successful. How to cite LIfe Goals, Essays Life Goals Free Essays There are many goals in my life that I would love to achieve. I am only 15 years old so I can’t write as much as someone twice my age so to say, but I strictly know my high school goals, college goals, career goals, and personal goals. As a 15 year old I have a lot already planned out so I will soon see how close I follow my goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Goals or any similar topic only for you Order Now My first and most important high school goal I have is to finish school with a G. P. A. 3. 8 or higher. I can not stress enough how important this goal is to me, for this goal will enable me to a higher possibility of getting into the college of my choice.If I fail to complete this goal I will have to apply to less prestigious colleges, which will not be the best for my future career and personal goals. Freshman year I finished with a 3. 8 so that means I am already on the right path to maintaining a 3. 8, but that really isn’t my goal that’s just the lowest G. P. A. I will accept I really am aiming for a 4. 0 or higher due to my advanced placement classes. I am most confident that I will be able to reach this goal with the help from teachers and family they will be a main factor in my high school career.There are still two more very important years of my high school life so I must study hard and work hard to reach this goal. This next goal has already been in my head since 8th grade I can say I am quite the worry wart, this goal is getting high SAT scores or ACT depending on what the college will require. So far I have taken the PSAT (preliminary SAT) to help me maintain and focus on this specific goal. Taking the PSAT has opened me up to what the SAT will be like in my junior year, also I have bought some practice SAT books to help my study.AVID is going to be a huge factor for my SAT prep I’ve been told that junior year in AVID Is all about SAT prep, so that will be a big step ahead of other competitors trying to attend the same college of my choice. This test will either make or break my college application having a high SAT score makes the chance of getting into a competitive college even higher. I still have to take the SAT and study for it every chance I get. Getting into a prestigious medical school is my number one college goal.Of course I will have to attend a four year college before I do this, but I hope to get into the most competitive medical school I can. By reaching and achieving this goal it will make my career goals easier to overcome. I have started to research different medical schools also I have been focused on the medical schools with an accelerated program. To achieve this goal I have I will have to get my bachelors and master degrees, then I will continue on to accept my medical doctorate.I have talked to doctors about what college they went to and how long it took them to finish the accelerated program if they chose that option. I still need to go to college and be accepted into a medical school. After I receive my medical doctorate I would like to continue on and study a specialty specifically in dermatology which will allow me to say I’m a certified doctor in the medicine. This will also enable me to open a medical practice just for dermatology and guide patients with the correct medicine, creams, face scrub etc†¦In the ninth grade I did a project in Biology on dermatologist and I had to go around town and interview the local dermatologist this opened my eyes to what I would like to do with my life. I furthered my study after this project and this practice really caught my eye so to say, also my mom and I have came close friends with a dermatologist in town. I still need to go to college get my Bachelors degree and Masters then I have to get my M. D. then finally I could start my studies in dermatology!My sayings or morals that I live by are what my parents have been telling me my whole life, I live my personal life by hard work and respect these are the goals I would like to always have and live my life by. By working hard and respecting everything I feel like I will go far in life and do great things. The only way I will get to college is by hard work and respecting my teachers that take their time to lecture, show examples, and actually give time after school to give extra help.Everything I do in life I respect and I do it to the fullest at least I try to, not everything I do will be 100 percent accurate or always right, but I will take the time to get it right the next time. By having respect I will receive respect back and actually have people I could ask for help and get an eligible answer for my question. These are the two most important ideas I feel everyone should live by. My second personal goal is to when I actually have one of my own is to spend a lot of time with my family.This flashes back to my first personal goal by working hard I will most likely succeed in progressive career where I could set my own work hours and take vacations with my family. This goal will mean a whole lot more once I actually have a family of my own, but I would like to do as much as I can to be the best father and husband also to be supportive of everyone in my family. That is my reasoning on how to have a successful family with not as much stress as most family’s have. All in all these goals are all equal in importance to me, they will help me go places in life and help me achieve great things.I hope I achieve my goal of my grade point average then also get a high SAT score. Getting into medical school will broaden my career choice and also studying dermatology will choose my medical practice that I will embark on. Working hard and having respect for everything I do and say will make me a man people look up to and would like to be around, also having family time when I am older will make myself be the best father figure and husband for my wife and kids. Those are all my life goals that I would like to achieve in my future. How to cite Life Goals, Essays

Don Quixote Reality vs. Illusion free essay sample

An analytical paper which compares and contrasts the theme of reality vs. illusion in Don Quixotes world. A paper which shows how reality and illusion are interwoven not only throughout the story line of Don Quixote exploits, but how author, Miguel de Cervantes, even leaves the true authorship of this tale in question, suggesting that he is merely translating the story from the original writings of Cide Hamete. The paper discusses the madness of Don Quixote who sees people and objects in his everyday life as the counterparts in his knights and damsels world of chivalry, and how Don Quixote charging the windmills has become a classic scene and now serves to symbolize bravery in vain. Cervantes begins Part Two of Don Quixote again referring to the writings of Cide Hamete, thus, lending credence to both, Don Quixote and Hamete as real historic characters (Cervantes, 529). This further adds confusion between reality and fantasy. We will write a custom essay sample on Don Quixote: Reality vs. Illusion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Throughout the novel there are countless scenes crossing the line of reality and illusion. The deathbed scene is perhaps the most poignant, for at the end, even though he himself had given up his chivalrous life and rejoined society, the others around him were still holding on to his fantastic world of knights and damsels in distress. But Don Quixote speaks, I am no longer Don Quixote of La Mancha, but Alonso Quixana.

THE TRIPOLITAN WAR AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Essay Example For Students

THE TRIPOLITAN WAR: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Essay Carruth, Gorton, ed. Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates. 8th ed. New York: Harper Row, 1987. R 973. 02 C. On p. 124 under May 14, this source identifies Yusuf Karamanli as the man who started the Tripolitan War. Divided into four columns, each chronologically organized, this source is helpful to one seeking to determine the exact dates of obscure events in American history. CHRONOLOGY Barton, David. Original Intent: The Courts, the Constitution, Religion. We will write a custom essay on THE TRIPOLITAN WAR: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Aledo, Tex.: Wallbuilders Press, 1996. Written by a Christian author, this book tells of the Tripolitan War from a Christian perspective. While other books attribute tribute payments to be the cause of the war, this source goes beyond explaining the cause of the war to explain the religious fervor that drove the war (Christianity v. Islam). OTHER Friedel, Frank, ed. Harvard Guide to American History. 2 vol. Revised ed. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974. R 973.016 F. In vol 2, p. 783 under 39.6.1 is listed Bowman,Albert H., Jefferson, Hamilton and American Foreign Policy, Political Science Quarterly, 71 (1956) 18 and Varg, Paul A., Foreign Policies of the Founding Fathers (1963). Formatted in chronological order, this source provides the titles of authoritative works on American history up to 1970. It is the principal reference tool for one seeking information on sources relevant to a particular topic. HARVARD GUIDE Johnson, Allen and Dumas Malone, ed. Dictionary of American Biography. 3 vol. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1959. R 920 D. On pp. 187-190, this source gives a biographical sketch of the life of Stephen Decatur, with a special focus on Decaturs involvement in the Tripolitan War. Especially interesting is the account of Decaturs daring revenge on the Tripolitan ship whose crew murdered James Decatur, Stephens brother. BIOGRAPHY Leckie, Robert. The Wars of America. New York: Harper Row, 1968. R 973 L. On pp. 226-227, this source tells of Jeffersons hasty rebuilding of the United States Navy to provide battleships for the Tripolitan War. Specifically written about the wars of America, this source provides information on not only the technical planning of the war, but also the political planning involved in the war. OTHER Merriam-Websters Geographical Dictionary. 3d ed. Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1994. R 910.3 M. On p. 1200 under Tripoli, this source gives the location of Tripoli, the country which began the Tripolitan War with the United States. Also, the dictionary provides a brief sketch of the history of Tripoli. For those seeking information on the location of historical sites, this source is an essential. GAZETTEER Morris, Richard B. and Jeffrey B. Morris ed. Encyclopedia of American History. 7th ed. New York: HarperCollins, 1996. R 973.03 E. On p. 1009, this source summarizes Stephen Decaturs heroic recapture of the U.S. frigate Philadelphia during the Tripolitan War. Divided into four sections, Basic Chronology, Topical Chronology, Five Hundred Notable Americans, and Structure of the Federal Government, this source provides a brief commentary on almost any subject relating to American history or government. ENCYCLOPEDIA .

technology in the classroom Essay Example

technology in the classroom Essay Example technology in the classroom Essay technology in the classroom Essay Technology in the Classroom Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Technology in the Classroom The inception of new technology has played a vital role in development. The education sector has not been left behind where many of the learning institutions have adopted the use of technology to facilitate learning. Before the inception of these technologies, students who needed to research on a given subject would only use books and lessons learnt in class. Students who further performed mathematical calculations would only use their mental capacities and at times the abacus. Interpersonal communication was also limited to one’s skills in letter writing and the ability to pay for phone calls. However, the inception of the calculator, computers and the internet has all facilitated the rendering of the above activities both efficient and effective. One form of technology that has been successfully integrated is the use of the internet (National School Board Association, 2007). Intensive planning and research was conducted in facilitating the smooth integration of this technology into the classroom. This effort was essential in ensuring the technology adopted was beneficial to both the students and teachers. Poorly planned projects only attract losses and are not feasible in the long run. To avoid this, the level of planning has to be highly insightful. Technology has played a vital role in addressing the five instructional activities. These being: information, application, motivation, evaluation, and orientation. Students using technology in learning and while undertaking school projects, that call upon them to utilize their own knowledge, their motivation increases and in the process, they are able to achieve. The use of computers and the internet has highly facilitated the instructional activity of information in terms of its acquisition and undertaking research. The internet is a wealth of information where students can easily search and find the information required. In addition, this has highly improved on student motivation as they are able to accomplish projects and conduct research with minimal assistance from the teachers. Technology integration has highly facilitated student evaluation in the school. Students can now use external benchmarks for self-evaluation, as opposed to the norm where students gauge themselves using their classmates (Moersch, 1999). Personally, I find the use of the internet particularly appealing for student learning. The platform has become a hub for up to date information in all fields including academics. The information contained in the internet is unbiased. The medium is therefore a significant source of insight for students seeking to research on different topics. Teachers are bound to be biased for or against certain theories or techniques; as opposed to the internet the information is extensively provided. Additionally, the presence of a variety of websites pertaining to a given subject enables one to choose that which best suits him or her. The best way to appreciate and optimally utilize a given technology is by having knowledge of both its function and how it functions. This means that before using a given technology, one should have a clear insight of what the technology is meant to perform and how it works. Therefore, the plan for becoming conversant with technology in class will involve first researching on the purpose of the given technology and then learning how to use the given technology. Without, these, one is bound to fail in realizing the significance of the given technology and consequently miss out on the benefits of the given technology (Groff, Mouza, 2008). References Groff, J., Mouza, C. (2008). A framework for addressing challenges to classroom technology use. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE) Journal, 16(1), 21-46. Moersch, C. (1999). Levels of technology implementation: An inventory for measuring classroom technology use. Learning and Leading with Technology. 26(8), 59-63. National School Board Association (2007). Creating connecting: Research and guidelines on online social and educational networking. Alexandria, VA.

Start your website in 3 steps

Start your website in 3 steps How to Start your Website from Scratch Introducing: a step-by-step guide on how to make a website from the ground up without a degree in programming or any knowledge of coding and design. Tune in! Get a domain name for your website First thing first, you need to come up with a name for your site that won’t be too tricky to find for your target audience. Usually, the cost for domain names starts from $10 and gets as high as $35 if you buy them at a certified registrar. Once you pay for it, you get the right to own your name for a year, and if you want to secure your ownership for the next years to come, you pay the same fee per annum. But if this sounds crazy to you, there’s also an option to get your domain name for free. When it comes to making up a good name, most of them can be already taken, especially in the product industry. So if you really want to be allocated a particular name, but it’s already reserved, try to add â€Å"-† or digits to it and see if it is available. Choose a web host Selecting a web host is basically like renting an office for business but on the Internet; it’s a platform that connects you to other computers on the Internet and lets them find you. Before you invest your money in the host, consider which one will fit your needs the best, a free web host, or a commercial one; they generally differ but have similar overlaps. Let’s take a closer look at both options. A free web host is unmistakably the best solution for those who are on the budget and looking for cheaper deals. However, there’s a price you pay for getting your host for free. Pros: FREE Cons: Impose advertising Limited web space Single site builder option File type size limitations Questionable reliability and speed Limited data transfer Here’s what’s the deal with commercial web hosts - they are far more reliable, but they also can be surprisingly tricky to work with. Pros: Reliable Fast Near-Unlimited Bandwidth More Web Space Technical Support Support for Various Scripts SSL Option Cons: Hefty price tag Create Design After you’ve saddled your website with a domain name and host provider, your next step, not as unimportant, is to make a smashing design, or at least the one that your clients will be pleased with. The easiest way to complete this step would be to hire a decent web designer, but if it’s not what you can afford, then keep on reading! As a beginner, you just need to get something out onto your page to at least frame your website. Later, you can fine-tune your design or redo the whole thing for the sake of your clients. To start making your custom design, you can choose one of the WYSIWYG ("What You See Is What You Get") web editors. The range is huge; ones are great if you are using Windows PC, others have a better view of mobile design and guide you through this process. Conclusion Cost-wise starting up a website isn’t such an expensive thing until you know how to arrange a good deal. While the research will still take much of your time - the actual amount of time you’ll spend setting up your website can be less than 1 hour!

The role of Innovation and Convergence in Complicating ICT Regulation Essay

The role of Innovation and Convergence in Complicating ICT Regulation - Essay Example The paper tells that the concept of regulation entails a number of aspects including; a specific set of commands; a deliberate influence by the state; and socio-economic influences, all of which influence social or economic behaviour. The authors further argue that although regulation mainly elicits the perception of restricting behaviour and preventive of certain activities, it can also be viewed as facilitative/enabling. For instance, regulation permits and controls the use of airwaves, allowing for broadcasting which would otherwise be chaotic. Borras properly captures the relationship between regulation and ICT through a discussion on standards and innovation. Standards determine the interchangeability and interconnectivity of products and thus the overall technological evolution of the industry. However, the ICT environment is heavily revolutionary in terms of technology and regulator standards find it difficult to always keep up. The regulation of ICT presents with a number of challenges arising several different perspectives and contested issues about how the regulators should go about it. Whereas issues of IPR dominate the cyberspace, other areas in the ICT industry provide an opportunity to limit regulation and promote competition. For instance, elements in network industry value chains involve retailing to end-users where competition is feasible and thus limit the need for regulation. However, the limits to competition among the players in the telecommunications industry are uncertain due the impact of technology. (Baldwin, Cave and Lodge 2010, p. 501). Here, innovation and convergence play an important role in complicating regulation of the ICT sector, calling for equally inventive and capable strategies to ensure proper and healthy regulation. Role of Innovation in Complicating ICT Regulation Innovation in the ICT industry occurs at a much faster pace and from many different angles than in most other sectors. As the Regulation Reform Unit (2010, p. 5-6) argues, regulatory activities and agencies have the challenge of reflecting technological changes and market developments in the ICT environment. Regulation of the ICT sector impinges on many different aspects including competition, interconnection, management of spectrum, authorisation and price controls among other aspects (ICT Regulation Toolkit 2012). Innovation impacts all of these aspects of ICT regulation in different ways but all centering on the rate at which innovation occurs. In terms of competition and price controls, the horizontal and vertical innovations witnessed everyday in the ICT sector challenge the traditional paradigm of regulation which embeds in the economic sense. Technological developments have implications on existing market structures at the overall economic level. A stable format of regulation seeking to stabilise the ICT sector would not hold in some sections as innovations render what is today valuable absolutely unimportant tomorrow. To keep up, the regulatory mechanisms have to evolve and develop new ways of regulating the newly formed ICT market structure. This may

Individual Data Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual Data Memo - Essay Example This memo will go into detail on how to develop a marketing plan that would be reliable to use throughout the various platforms of media that will focus on a particular market segment in order to increase Kudler Fine Foods’ customer base. To determine the importance of demographic and psychographic information for a company, it would be necessary to conduct an environmental analysis with reference to the age, education, and disposable income of the people residing in Kudler Fine Foods' geographical area will be conducted. The information derived from the environmental analysis will serve as the starting point of a marketing strategy that focuses on a subculture of the population that have similar socioeconomic status (Hawkins, Mothersbaugh, & Best, 2007) to afford the quality of food Kudler Fine Foods offers. The importance of determining the demographics of the population of the target market can be best illustrated with our experience in Encinitas. While Kudler Fine Foods ha s achieved relative success in Encinitas, data found in their demographics shows that would be ill advised to open a location, or spend advertising money 30 miles south in the city of Chula Vista as what the data will show below. Encinitas (2010) Persons between the ages of 18 and 65: 38.8% (Appx.) Bachelor’s degree or higher: 54.3% Per capita income: $48,226 Chula Vista (2010) Persons between the ages of 18 and 65: 45.1% (Appx.) Bachelors degree or higher: 26.4% Per capita income: $24,646 ("Quick Facts", 2012). The above demographic data reveals that while Chula Vista has a larger population between the ages of 18-65, they are less educated and earn wages far below the median income of those living in Encinitas. This tells marketers that they have less disposable income to spend or afford the premium offerings and prices of Kudler Fine Foods line of products. In short, there may be more potential customer in Chula Vista but only few of them can actually afford our products. Psychographic Information This demographic data may be important but is insufficient for Kudler Fine Food to develop an IMC plan that will be effective in marketing our products across a multitude of media formats. To be able to develop an effective IMC, it would necessitate to determine their related lifestyles. This would require a psychographic analysis (in addition to demographic analysis) in regard to what Solomon calls the three variables of activities, interests, and opinions (AIO’s). â€Å"Thus, Kudler Fine Foods can â€Å"boil down† a person’s lifestyle by discovering how he spends his time, what he finds interesting and important, how he views himself and the world around him† (Solomon, 2009, p. 240), and identify a general lifestyle segmentation that Kudler Fine Foods can target accordingly. Psychographic analysis of the market can be done through Kudler Fine Foods’ website where it can conduct direct surveys of current and potential cus tomers for comparison to determine their AIO’s. For example, Kudler's marketers can ask on a scale of one to five, how important are sporting events to you, (activities); how important is your family’s health, (interests); the quality of a product is more important than its price, (opinions). This will allow Kudler Fine Foods to narrow geographic areas and be able to

Organizational structure of the business Essay Example for Free

Organizational structure of the business Essay Businesses can take different approaches on the way they structure the organization of their business. The different types of structures include flat, matrix, and tall. These represent hierarchical, centralized and decentralized forms of organization. These different structures are used in different types of organization relating to the needs the business may require. In a tall structure there are many levels. People of different status within the business take each level. This is hierarchical. As the levels get higher in the structure, the power and responsibility usually increases. In a tall structured organization there would the top layer of the structure but many at the bottom represent few people. This structure would be used in a large business where there would be many members of staff, many groups under different supervision. This form of organization would cause there to be a lack of communication throughout the business as issues would be passed through the levels, supervisors to managers and may never reach the managing director. Elements like this in a tall structure could lead to a lack of control throughout the business. Flat is another style of organizational structure. This is still of a hierarchical form yet there is less layers in the business. This is more of a democratic approach as there is a smaller span of control throughout the organization. As there is less levels in the structure there is less separate sections of power. The reduction in the amount of layers means that communication throughout the business is greatly improved therefore the managing director has a greater level of control over the business as a whole. This would be used in a smaller business. It would consist of a managing director followed by possibly a number of directors then supervisors then staff in a hierarchical fashion. A matrix approach can also be used. This is constructed by the business itself. It can be a democratic, autocratic or lassiez-faire approach or a mixture of the three. Very large businesses, PLC or LTDs use this. As the business is so large a tall matrix would not be appropriate as there would be a lack of interaction and control of the business would not be great. To prevent this happening, Boots designed a structure of its own. These are known as matrix structures. Each level has independent managers and spans of control that do not lead up or down the hierarchy of the business. Each level has independent managers and line supervisors so they are self-contained. The local span of control is the responsibility of the line manager. To keep communication strong within the business there is a strong chain of command throughout the structure. This ensures that any problems; ideas or achievement are known throughout the business. This approach keeps communication and control strong, as although there are a great number of people within the structure it is easy to find out what is happening at present through the chain of commanding supervisors who are responsible at that level. The different sections of the business that are present within the matrix are   Boots the Chemist Wellbeing services   Supply and support services   Boots Healthcare international Each of these sections (levels) of the business has line managers and supervisors. These communicate through the chain of command through out the business. This gives a firm structure of a high level of control and interaction, which is within the best interests of the smooth running of the business. The diagram below shows the set out of the business and how the different sections relate to each other. Within these sections the directing and supervisory structure is set out like this throughout the business This is Richard Baker; he is the chief executive of Boots PLC. He does not work in a store but control along with Howard Dodd Paul Bateman the running nationwide of the Boots Empire. They have control over every structure in every store throughout the country from managers to floor workers however it is rare they interact with any one but senior staff in the department stores. Boots to maximize the benefits created the matrix structure. This shows that they have taken their own approach upon their business and changed with the times. Using a matrix structure as the business expanded to the size it is now has proved beneficial and reaches an objective. Boots aimed to Develop, modernize technology and strategies. Using the matrix structure has been a form of modernizing therefore reaching a set objective. Boots aim of globalization would need to lead from a base of a stable market in the UK business sector. To gain a stable grasp in the UK economy Boots needs a stable business. The matrix structure consisting of effective interaction through out the levels and a hold on control ensures that the business runs smoothly and is stable in doing so. This reaches the objective of taking a strong hold in the UK business field, which can lead, to greater expansion and globalization. Companies can survive at a steady pace without altering too much about the workings of the business. However to expand, as Boots wish to, some of the most beneficial ideas may come from staff low down in the hierarchical structure. It is for this reason that the matrix structure is extremely beneficial as communication and interaction is strong between the levels so ideas can quickly be picked up on along with problems. This benefits the performance of the business and issues are quickly picked up on. This also contributes to the working towards of the objective relevant to expansion and customer loyalty as both business and custom seek to gain return from the matrix structures benefits and overall performance of the business as a whole. The matrix structure has many advantages that would not be applicable if the organization structure was of another form. The chain of command within the business ensures that the communication within the different groups is regular and effective. Within the boots organization there are many different sections that deal with different aspects of the business. The seven sections within the Boots group deal with their specific part of the business whether it is the chemist, retail or health care. The specialization within the business is a great advantage to all concerned. The staff employed in each of the sections are special trained in that area. Specialization is a great advantage to the business as it means that jobs can be carried out informatively and effectively. As staff is specialized in their area they provide great customer service as they are well educated in the fields in which they work. Empowerment enables the staff within the different sections to have freedom to do tasks that they are delegated without supervisions. This increases moral and self-motivation, as the staff feels confident and independent within the business. High motivation increases staff productivity, which improves the performance of the business. The span of control within the individual areas of the business ensures that the business is smooth running and any problems that occur can be dealt with quickly and efficiently. This is an advantage, as problems do not have to travel into other areas of the business through the chain of command. The separate sections of the business are independent in the way they work. This ensures the business has high levels of control throughout the whole business in all sections and all can be accessed quickly through the chain of command. All these are advantages that help a great deal towards improving the performance of the business for the reasons listed. Communication within Boots There are many different types of communication that businesses can adopt. Different forms of communication are used in different situations within a business. The main types of communication that are used now a day revolve around ICT. ICT stands for Information Communication Technology. Communication is used everyday from the second a business opens in the morning till the second that it closes. With out communication a business would never reach its full potential or have the smooth operations it could achieve. Within a large business, like a PLC or LTD like boots communication is essential. Without communication different sections of the business would not operate well together and issues could quickly fall out of hand. Communication through the chain of command is so important in keeping a business afloat and operating efficiently. Good communication ensures that the business keeps control and the top of the hierarchical structure is aware, or can easily find out the major movements from day to day. Between departments and hierarchical levels communication links must be strong as decisions and movements are often made that effect other departments. There are many different types of communication method. The specific sectors include   Written   Non-verbal. Verbal   Electronic Face to face Each of these has specific areas in which it is of most benefit to use. Different types of communication are used dependant on the issue that is relevant, who is sending it, and who is receiving it. It is important that communication towards employees is regular and efficient. This is because employees need to be kept informed of the movement of the business in all aspects. If there is product alterations or price changes employees must be informed straight away so that no problems occur within the business. Also information about extra shifts, overtime, work hours and bonuses, especially over Christmas are very important in the smooth operation and motivation of the staff. Supervisors and managers are usually the ones who would communicate with the staff. There are many methods that could be used. Employees could be informed and communicated with by the use of notice boards. This is a cheap method, which means that everyone can see the information present. This is a good method if everyone is aware there is a notice to be seen. This could easily be ignored or not notice quickly however. Letters with the employees pay slips are a good method to use, as it is likely that a very high majority of the employees will read them. This is good if it can wait till payday for the notice to go out although still staff may not read them. A team meeting at the beginning of the day is a very efficient way of communicating with staff as issues can be raised and the employees can communicate also. This means that everyone can be informed and there are no excuses why staff ignores issues raised. Employees who have computers (not floor workers) such as administration areas and HRM can be communicated with many more forms of modern communication such as email and uses of the Intranet. Managers and supervisors need to be able to receive communication from higher up in the chain of command and also to be able to distribute down the chain. This is very important. Higher levels in the hierarchical structure need to be able to communicate regularly and efficiently in order to hold a strong level of control over the business and make alterations and give advice where necessary. It is very important this area of the business is easy to communicate with so that no time is wasted in trying to do so. Managers in the Boots organization have offices in individual branches and headquarters; some supervisors also have computer access. This enables Boots to provide computers for the staff that is a great benefit when it comes to communication. The use of computers means that these managers can be easily and quickly communicated with via the use of email, Intranet messaging and time tabled events that may be stored and altered on network software that is specific to the Boots store. Different forms of communication are used in different parts of the business depending on different factors. These factors determine the form of communication and approach taken. These are described below.   Formal   Informal   Important   Urgent   Optional   Open to all   Sent to a specific person   Person   Impersonal   Relaxed   Who its aimed towards   Who its from Confidential This all affect what type of communication are used in different situations within the business. The different categories that the forms of communication fall into are know as the channels of communication.

The Case for Mercy-Killing Essay -- Euthanasia, Mercy-killing, Assiste

Two patients share a hospital room. By miraculous circumstance, they are both suffering identical cases of late stage terminal cancer, and both have expressed firmly that they don’t want their lives to be artificially extended. Patient A has contracted a hospital-borne infection, and will die quickly if this infection is not treated. This being the case, the doctors decide to take no action, allowing Patient A to die from the infection. This raises the question: what does this choice imply for Patient B? Should he be allowed to choose active euthanasia to combat his suffering? I will argue that there is no moral distinction between letting Patient A die and â€Å"killing† Patient B. I will do so by looking at each patient’s circumstances individually, then applying arguments about euthanasia to their cases, and ultimately bringing them back together to consider a verdict. While some may argue that there is a difference between killing Patient B and lettin g Patient A die, I assert that any such claims are based in irrelevant reasoning. First, let’s consider the reasoning behind the patients choosing to forego extraordinary treatment for their cancer. They have decided, as Beauchamp would put it, that refusing to prolong their lives in the face of pain and suffering â€Å"neither harms nor wrongs [them] and may provide a benefit† (Beauchamp, 76). They â€Å"intend to quit life because of its bleak possibilities† (Beauchamp, 77). The doctor readily complies with their wishes out of moral, legal, and professional obligation. A choice has been made to let both patients die, as a response to their â€Å"competent and authoritative refusal of treatment† (Beauchamp 74). In Patient A’s case, he was lucky enough (in the most morbid way possible) to... ...es out of mercy. Beauchamp puts it eloquently when he says â€Å"From a moral point of view, causing a person’s death is wrong when it is wrong not because the death is intended or because it is caused, but because an unjustified harm or loss to the person occurs† (Beauchamp, 76). The objection that killing Patient B is worse than allowing Patient A to die does not survive, because such a claim is based on the assumption that a killing would be unjust. The doctor and the patients have decided that death is preferable to life, and there is no injustice involved in any possible outcome from there on out. Squeamishness about the doctor being responsible for killing Patient B, directly, has no place in the discussion, because by the time the discussion is taking place, that would be like being squeamish over the doctor prescribing morphine to reduce a patient’s suffering.

Alienation of Labor Essay

The Alienation of Labor is an idea of Karl Marx which is an artificial construct and it is certainly applied but not too clear. Marx describes this idea in a pretty straightforward manner. He is basically saying that the worker has no control over his or her life. The worker is nothing more than a cog being used in the business machine’s discretion. The worker really has no individual rights and certainly no demonstration in the market place. In turn, the laborer is a slave to the system of product construction. There are four stages involved in this idea. There is nature, or human nature and this is because you are alienated from human nature. The second stage is the self, it is animalistic, and you are being reduced to an animal. The third stage is species, no longer having any sort of creativity. The final stage is other, meaning competition or work amongst each other. Hegel vs. Nietzsche -Hegel Hegel believes that slave morality is an opportunity to work on one’s self, and that freedom in the mind truly helps oppression. He believes that in this relationship, the master is actually the slave. He thinks this because he feels that the master is dependent on the slave and without the slave the master is nothing. In turn, this makes the master a slave because he is so dependent on his slave. If you crumble, Hegel believes it is a tragedy because he is a communitarian which means he is more empathetic to situations. He believes that if you weren’t strong enough and mentally tough enough it was because you didn’t get the support and care from the community. -Nietzche Similar to Hegel, Nietzche also thinks that freedom is held in the mind and you can only achieve this by being strong. A main difference of Nietzsche’s view compared to Hegel is the fact that he believes that if you fail at freeing yourself through the mind, you can only put it on yourself, it was your fault and no one else’s. Nietzsche’s view of this relationship works on two different levels or ideas: good or bad in the case of master morality and evil or good in the case of the slave. When talking about slaves, he believes that the slaves are incapable of creating their own original values, instead they are influenced and invert to their masters. The master’s view of the slave according to Nietzsche is basically that he is good therefore the slave is bad. In contrast, the slave’s view of the master is that he is evil, therefore we are good.

All the World’s a Stage, the Dramaturgy

All The World’s a stage â€Å"All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts† Shakespeare. Although Shakespeare wasn’t a sociologist, I think this quote profoundly sounds like Ervine Goffman’s ideas of dramaturgy and impression management. I agree with both Shakespeare and Ervine. We all have a part to play in this world and we do play it. To me Ervine Goffman’s ideas about self and dramaturgy are the most applicable social ideas in my own life.He believed we do something called impression management. I have actually noticed myself using impression management every day. I have also noticed that in sociology we really need to understand face to face interactions of individuals to understand a society as a whole. He also believed in a concept called symbolic interactionism. He believed that social interactions are what make someone who they are. I b elieve that to understand his ideas better it is imperative that you know a little about him. Goffman was born June 11, 1922(Blackwood, 2011) to a Jewish Ukrainian couple in Canada.Initially, he received his bachelors in sociology at the University of Toronto. Then he went to the University of Chicago to achieve his masters and doctorate. Chicago was the center for many micro-sociologists and symbolic interationists like Goffman. His ideas must have made him fit right in with all the other sociologists studying at University of Chicago. He also studied a year in Shetland and wrote a book called The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. This is where he refers to the theory of us always being onstage. He then went to Berkley to teach about Sociology and Anthropology (which he also studied).Goffman also went onto to write about his ideas of total institution (the sociology term for somewhere completely blocked off from normal society). He wrote many books over his life time and he re mained a very important man in the sociology world. He ended his writing career going back to address more evidence that we are all performers, he ended on the same note he started on. He passed on November 19th, 1982. ((Blackwood, 2011) Micro-Sociology is the study of a small group of people to understand how society works as a whole.Ervine Goffman advocated this idea and used face-to-face interactions as a basis to understand sociology. I believe that this is a very true idea because without individuals there is no society. I also believe that how we act as individuals is what makes a society how it is. For example as individuals we actually enjoy conflict when the conflicts involves others. In high school I remember that everyone always wanted to stop in the hallway to watch people fight. On a larger scale society watches reality Television shows like â€Å"Bad girls Club† just to see these conflicts.Everything we do individually affects us as a society. Another thing that Goffman believed in was how society is what makes us who we are, this is called social interactionism. Yes we make up society but in turn society molds us to who we are as well. For example a child is born completely without morals and values. These things are taught to the child by family and ultimately society. The child is taught killing is deviant and unacceptable. It is also taught that being overweight is a concrete stigma for females of society. Therefore if the child is a girl they will constantly want to be skinny, even at a young age.My Humanities professor was talking about how his 8 year old daughter was called fat the other day in school. Now the young girl will not eat very much. This not something we are born with, these are learned values that society teaches. I have my own personal experience with social interactionism. My whole life society has shaped me to be who I am. It’s almost like a very subtle, yet powerful, form of peer pressure. For example I think that if it weren’t for the fact that society teaches that you should treat strangers with absolute respect I think I would have had a lot more conflicts with them.Society teaches us to not get as angry with strangers as we do with our own friends and family members. Another thing Goffman believed was an idea called dramaturgy. Dramaturgy is the idea that we all act around people as if we were actors on a stage. He believed that the only time we acted as our true selves was when we are backstage and no one else is around to see us. I believe this is true of everyone in society. Of course there are those who have to act because it’s their job. Politicians, lawyers, servers, parents these people have to put up a facade so that others reactions server their purpose.Not all of this acting is used for selfish purposes though. For example a parent doesn’t want their child to be scared so in a crisis they might smile and tell them everything is going to be all right, e ven if they know it’s not going to be alright. The final point I agreed with Goffman on was an idea called impression management. Impression management is similar to dramaturgy however it is how we are all the time. I use impression management every day. For example I am a server and I have to come off a certain way for my guests to like me or I won’t make any money.I have to smile even when I’m stressed and I have to use a completely different voice when addressing my guest than I would use with anyone else. I also have to pretend I like things on the menu I have not even tried. In conclusion, I agree with Goffman’s theories on dramaturgy, impression management, micro-sociology, and symbolic interactionism. I concur with the fact that society shapes you to be who you are, it has definitely made me who I am. I also think that looking at how individuals interact with each other is imperative in finding out how society works.You cannot understand the big pi cture without first looking at the small details. Impression management is a very important part of my life because it’s how I make a living. Finally dramaturgy is something we all do every day. We are actors on the stage of Society Citations 1. Blackwood, B. D. (2011, July 06). Blackwood. org. Retrieved from http://www. blackwood. org/Erving. htm 2. Travers, A. (1997). Reviewing sociology. Retrieved from http://www. reading. ac. uk/RevSoc/archive/volume10/number1/10-1e. htm

buy custom Research Methodology essay

buy custom Research Methodology essay What is a time series study and a panel study? Make sure you fully explain what the two are as concepts and fully explain the similarities and differences. Time series study is a study which involves measurements that is done periodically. The population being studied is divided into groups which are studied over a defined period. During this period therapeutic and preventive interventions are done with measurement of variables and factors. While, panel study is a research which is done using a constant set of a population and the researcher compares the individual opinion at different time as opposed to series study which is divided into groups. If I interview people on the phone over a month and call a different 100 people each day to learn which political parties will likely win the next election, is this an example of cross-sectional or longitudinal research? Explain which type it is and why. If it is longitudinal, explain which type of longitudinal study it is. This type of study is cross sectional studies/analysis which a subsection of the population is interviewed every day for a period of one month. It is not longitudinal research because longitudinal research involves study of the same group several times within a given period. While this research each time the 100 people are called they are different from who were called the previous day. What is the positivist approach to social science? Explain how the positivist approach differs from other approaches and indicate which approach you feel is best, making sure to explain why you feel it is the best. Positivist approach to social science is a philosophical approach system or theory which is based on the view of natural sciences and social. The main assumptions of positivism which makes it much different with other approaches are; the fact that sciences involve research of general laws on empirical phenomena. Explain the difference between a deductive approach and an inductive approach to research? Give an example of each process and explain why this is important for the process of social research. Deductive approach in research involves reasoning of a research on basis of working on the research of more general to the more specific areas. It is also known as top-down approach. While Inductive approach in research is the reveres of Deductive approach which the research starts with specific observations to broader perspective also know as bottom-up approach. Both approaches could be used in different scenarios deductive approach would be used in an area which the study is meant to prove or confirm some hypothesis while inductive approach is open ended and is used for areas which require establishment of regularities and patterns with an aim of formulating some hypotheses. For example a research can be done for a discovery of a disease which would be used to research on the causes of the disease such a research would be aimed at a top down approach also known as deductive approach. While research of what would be consequences of heavy rain within a given period it starts with the specific observations to a broader perspective this is Inductive approach. Why is spuriousness a problem for researchers? Explain what the concept is and why this is a threat to research. Spuriousness is an experimental technique which is used to predict direct causal relationships between two variables and it is commonly used in statistics. Spuriousness is a problem to researchers because they are techniques which support use of predictions of relationships instead of using evident facts from research. If I hypothesize that age as well as social class influences a persons choice to vote for a social democratic or communist candidate in an election, which is/are the dependent and which is/are the independent variables? Explain why it is that the one(s) you chose is/are the dependent and independent variables. The social democratic and communist candidates are the independent variables as they do not change while the age of the voters is dependent as it keeps on changing on the candidates favored by one of the age group as opposed to the other. For each of the following, indicate the level of measurement and why you believe it to be at that level of measurement. Explaining the reasoning important. How full a fuel tank is, as reported in percentages? The level of measurement to be used is ratio measurements which will be achieved by getting the ration of the fuel in the tank in relation to the capacity of the tank. To get the ratio of the what the tank has as compared to how many liters feels in the tank. How many liters of fuel are currently in a fuel tank? The current number of liters in the fuel tank would be measured using ratio measurements in relation to the fuel being used as it will provide the fuel remaining in the tank. The number of hours a person sleeps per day. The appropriate measurements is ratio measurement in relation to the number of hours which he is awake in within the 24hours of a day. How many grams a full bottle of water weighs. The level of measurement would use ration measurement which would determine the number of grams in the bottle by depend on the volume of the bottle and the density of the water. How much a person agrees (on a scale of 1 agree completely to 5 disagree completely) that the government should increase spending on prisons. Interval measurement would be applicable to determine the probability depending on the variance analysis of the services offered in the prison. Which racial group a person belongs to, based upon her/his response to an interviewer. Nominal measurements would be used to determine the racial group which they belong to among the different racial groupings. The percentage of time a person spends reading e-mails in a workday at the office. Ratio measurement would be used to compare how many hours he is at the workplace in relation to the hours thhe worker worked. Which political party a person claims that she/he will vote for in the next election. Nominal measurements should be used on the candidates of the political parties as the answer will be dependent on political party candidate whom is influencing the voter. The grade you will receive for this course (as measured in A, A-, B+). Ordinal measurement would be used to grade the course in relation to the scores earned as compared to what would be achieved in each course unit. How much a person agrees (on a scale of 1 agree completely to 5 disagree completely) that the president is doing a good job. Interval measurement would be used to get the level on how people would make their decision based on the variance analysis. What is the ecological fallacy? Explain why this causes or can cause a problem from the perspective of the researcher. Make sure you give an example to show that you understand the concept fully. The ecological fallacy is a situation which a researcher makes influence/influences of an individual based on a data of a group. This causes a problem with the perspective of the researcher in relation to a group date as opposed to an individual data. Hence, the data obtained will not be accurate. The researcher base their final analysis on the results they get from a group of which they have researched on. What is the importance in having a random sample in research? Explain why this is important, giving an example to show that you fully understand the importance of the issue. Random sampling in research provides a fair distribution of the population which will be interviewed. This kind of application is applicable to a large population which all of it could not be used due to its large number of the population. Hence, random sampling enables the researcher to have fair presentation of the population. Random sampling is of great importance as it enable the research to break down the population being researched in to manageable sizes. It also ensure that the research being done is well distributed within the population being researched. Do you feel that it is more important to have a reliable or a valid measure? Explain your position, making it clear that you understand the differences between the concepts of reliability and validity. Give examples, to illustrate you understand the difference. Yes it is important to have a valid and reliable measure to obtain an accurate population which will be subjected to research. Once the data is measured using the correct tool it will be valid and reliable for an accurate. Use of valid measure ensures that the data obtained from the research will be analyzed accurately to obtain the information which is accurate. The analyst will get data which is accurate because it has been obtained using the appropriate means of measurement. The data obtained is also valid in relation to the research being used this also improves on the quality of the decisions made after the research. Buy custom Research Methodology essay

Network Security & Applications Research Proposal

Network Security & Applications - Research Proposal Example Thus, this is very important to train the basic computer users and information systems manager in mind, teaching the ideas required to read through the hype in the marketplace and recognize threats associated with the computer security and how to cope with them (Network Security, 2010; Curtin, 1997). In addition, the network security is turning out to be more and more significant in view of the fact that people spend more and more time connected. In this scenario, compromise on network security is frequently much easier than compromise on physical or local security, and is much more frequent. However, there are numerous good tools available to help improve network security, as well as majority of them are shipping with Windows features (The Linux Documentation Project, 2010). The new web based or web-supported tools offer a range of effective software features and services to the consumers, workers and business associates. These services could be easily managed and handled. Additiona lly, the new information technology offers access to a major business resource such as the web server, which gives the capability to access various other useful information resources, for instance database servers (ITSecurity).

Global warming and the environmental stratagies of the United States Essay

Global warming and the environmental stratagies of the United States - Essay Example military to focus â€Å"more on readiness and on military training and operations† (Green, 1999). Recent literature supports the fact that most conservation and prevention programs in the U.S. are voluntary and consist of â€Å"near-term opportunities (voluntary and partnerships) to conserve fossil fuel, recover methane, and sequester carbon† (EPA, 2007). Social systems in the United States provide much in the way of educating society about the effects of global warming. But, despite knowing the consequences of behaviors American’s have done little to change their behaviors when it comes to conservation and global warming. One major pollutant that is causing global warming is emissions from industries and automobiles. Despite knowing that these emissions harm the environment American’s still drive their automobiles with no passengers (no car pooling) because they are not willing to give up the freedom to travel when and where they want at any time. Industries barter for emissions allowances through a system that â€Å"sets limits on emissions and then allows companies to buy and sell emissions credits.†(Martin, B-1). This allows the states to set emissions caps but allows heavy polluters the opportunity to buy credits rather than reduce emissions. But, the ability to sell credits not used awards industries that c ut emissions. Citizen behavior probably would change in response to legislation or in reaction to direct consequences. Thus, it would be in the best interest for the United States to move away from voluntary participation to mandated participation by industries. The United States is a ‘throw away’ society where people simply discard what they don’t want as trash and use resources with little regard for the environment. And, Americans do not carpool as much as is recommended because of the inconvenience. Another major concern caused by global warming

Advise Goldcorp Ltd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advise Goldcorp Ltd - Essay Example The RoT clause is an agreement that allows the seller of goods to hold ownership/retain title, of the goods until the occurrence of a specified/agreed event; that event being either the payment of supplied goods, or payment of all money owed1. By agreeing to the RoT clause the buyer of the product agrees that until payment of the purchased goods is made the company that is selling the goods holds ownership claim to the goods, and hence can exert that claim anytime it wants. This allows the selling company to protect its investment. During the insolvency proceedings, a RoT ensures return of owed money which otherwise is highly unlikely under the circumstances2. Goldcorp Ltd. has been in regular business with GT Jewelers. Both entered into doing business with each other by signing an agreement that also included a RoT clause, of which both parties were aware. After the GT Jewelers failed to remit payment for the months of September and October while Delivery had been made, Gold Corp Lt d. enforced a RoT to the GT Jewelers. Under the RoT, Gold Corp Ltd have claimed the ownership of: 1 kilo of gold in their vault, stamped with Goldcorp Ltd’s seals, A tank containing 2 kilos of melted gold bullion, 150 gold and diamond engagement rings worth ?5,000 each, and ?25,000 representing proceeds of sale of gold by GT Jewellers Ltd to another jewellery manufacturer. Gold Corp cannot rely heavily and positively on their RoT to claim their goods/money. The absence of certain clauses makes Gold Corp an unsecured creditor thus making the chances of receiving owed payment meak. The Rot fulfills the first most condition of being a valid contract since it was agreed upon by both parties before the business. There are scenarios which can either render the RoT ineffective or simply lead to its termination, the RoT does not consist of any clause signifying the conditions under which the RoT will be void or terminated, thus the RoT holds valid between the two companies3. Gold Cor p Ltd has demanded 1 Kilo of gold, stamped with Gold Corp seal. The company can claim the gold under the clause (i-a) of the RoT. This is a separate goods storage clause which states that until full payment has been received by Gold Corp for all gold supplied to GT Jewellers by Gold Corp Ltd. to GT Jewellers and at whatever time: property in the goods shall remain in the Company and such goods must be marked as belonging to the company and stored separately. This clause allows the Gold Corp Ltd. to reclaim 1 Kilo of gold as they are still unsold and in the possession of the buyer, who under the RoT was obligated to store the goods separately from goods of other parties and in an identifiable position4 till payment had been made by GT Jewelers. Although since the RoT did not consists of an extended clause of ‘allowing the seller to have the right to access the premises of the buyer in order to determine whether the obligation is being complied with’5, there is no assuret y that GT Jewelers actually complied with having stored the unsold good in an identifiable position. Gold Corp Ltd. has ascertained that they claim ownership of ‘a tank containing 2 kilos of melted gold bullion’. Under i-b of the RoT, which states that, if GT Jewellers converted the supplied gold into any new product either by including some other product in the mixture and in whatever proportions such conversion will be considered under the rights of Gold Corp and beneficially and legally ownership will reside in Gold Corp, Gold Corp has legal rights to claim the 2 kilos of melted

The importance of ethics in the safety profession Research Paper

The importance of ethics in the safety profession - Research Paper Example By minimizing the number of such preventable events the US has a lot to gain. It has been estimated by National Safety Council that in 2004 accidents in the United States cost more than $ 574.8 billion, losses related to fire reached to the total of $9.8 billion. Exposure of persons to dangerous physical, biological and chemical agents create major losses every year causing severe illness and it is really difficult to make precise estimate of their impact. Additionally, all kind of pollution causes harm to every single form of life which therefore generates heavy cleanup costs bullies future stability of earth. The word â€Å"safety science† might sound latest, but many of the resources of this science are quite a number of years old. Some of the most knowledgeable areas of safety science are mentioned below and every field involves ethics that needs to be taken care of. 1. Chemistry and biology – knowledge about hazardous substances is provided by chemistry and biology . 2. Information about electricity, heat, radiation and all other kinds of energy is provided by physics. 3. The performance limits of humans and the ways in which improvements pertaining to performance and safety can be made are provided by ergonomics. 4. The knowledge about pollution, how it can be controlled and its impact is revealed by environmental sciences. Factories create a lot of pollution and there are often some that do not dispose of their waste products properly which is against ethical standards. 5. To understand the human behavior psychology is studied and this helps in avoiding accidents. 6. Other information about safety in the society is provided by engineering, business management and sociology. Various things can cause accidents and contribute to illness and other hazardous things such as fire and explosions. The ability to identify, evaluate, and control or prevent such kinds of hazards is provided by safety science. Moreover, it also provides with the methods to set policies and to operate the activities ensuring safety and the ethical standards. Hazard control activities are used by everyone all over the world on a daily basis and companies use designs for operation of nuclear power generating stations and is also used by homes for lead based paints to reduce any kind of threat to the public. Since the safety profession is highly important especially for the companies, its application occurs in various other places such as transportation, schools, and laboratories and on farms too in order to ensure safety so that people are not exposed to hazards. Safety science helps in understanding about the ways in which something can become a hazard and the people must know about the harms of the hazard and the ways in which it can be eliminated. However, in the cases in which the hazard cannot be eliminated totally, there are always some ways in which the harm can be reduced. However, this involves a cost and also requires the assistance of the d esigners and managers. The safety professionals come up with the cost effective ways in which the risk can be reduced and they also provide with their advice to apply the safety science so that all the activities are conducted in a careful manner. If safety science is not present, the safety profes

Play Therapy Theories Children And Young People Essay

Play Therapy Theories Children And Young People Essay Play is important for the childs holistic development including their physical, language, social, emotional and cognitive development. Play allows children to learn naturally from the world around them to gain life skills and understanding Play allows children to freely explore the world around them, without adult direction. Play allows the child to create, challenge, imagine, engage and explore satisfying activities for both themselves and others. Children may use equipment; play alone or with others, in energetic or calm manner. Play is a vital component for a childs development and lives and is essential to be promoted where possible (Play England, 2007). Play is the primary and natural medium of communication for children (Axline, 1947). Children may not have the capacity to use words to express themselves, but with the assistance of play therapists, communication and understanding can occur between both the child and therapist. As children do not have the same abilities to communicate and express themselves verbally and as effectively as an adult can, play gives children the opportunity to express their emotions and experiences. This can provide a foundation to build relationships with the play therapist and others, allowing their needs and requirements to be known and to gain a better understanding of themselves (Landreth, 2002). Play therapy then, is a medium of therapy in which play is used, to observe children engaging in play. By providing resources of play materials and knowledge of theory around play therapy, therapists can identify and examine the childs underlying issues. Wilson Ryan, (2005) state that the importance of play therapy is to allow children move from being unaware of their hidden, unconscious feelings they may have as a result of life experiences, and gain an understanding of their emotions and experiences enabling them to come to terms with feelings. OConnor and Schaefer (1994) maintain the aim of play therapy is to bring children to a level of emotional and social functioning or level with their developmental stage. This can allow usual developmental process to be resumed. Play Therapy is an active process between both the play therapist and the child. It allows the child to explore their surroundings at his or her own pace. The child has his or her own schema of their issues which may be current and of conscious awareness or, hidden in the past and possibly buried in the unconscious. These issues whether of conscious awareness or not may affect the childs daily lifestyle influencing feelings and behaviour. Play therapy is child centred and the play therapist focuses on play as the first and paramount medium of therapy, with speech the second medium of therapy (British Association of Play Therapists, 2008). The Irish Play Therapy Association (2013) claim, Play Therapy is an effective method of therapy for children who display or encounter many difficulties or issues. Behavioural difficulties may include depression, aggression, anxiety and other issues relating to difficult encounters or life experiences of abuse, death of a family member, divorce or separation and trauma (www.ipta.ie, 2013). A history of Play Therapy Play Therapy dates back as far as 1909 in Europe with the work of Sigmund Freud (1909/1955) and the first documented psychoanalytic therapeutic work focusing on a child was the case of Little Hans. Freud discovered the childs phobias through observations of his play behaviours and dreams. This case encouraged further development of Freuds work and eventually the development of play therapy. While Freud used interpretation of the unconscious motivation of a child building a relationship with the child, but he came to the understanding that unlike adults, children do not decide to enter into psychoanalysis. Without consent or understanding the therapist brings the child into this analysis. Anna Freud (1946) followed her fathers interest of play, but developed her own theories. She held that adults undergoing psychoanalysis are required to provide the therapist with information to assist the session, however with children the background information is expressed usually, but not always by the parent. Melanie Klein (1955) believed the use of psychoanalysis could benefit children in a variety of ways, even if their development was atypical. Klein also believed in using observations with children during their play and behavioural actions and not through their expression of speech as is used within adult psychoanalysis. Klein therefore introduced toys into her sessions to promote play and allow observation of actions to occur. Virginia Axline working in America was influenced by Carl Rogers work on non- directive client centred psychotherapy. Therefore, Axline built on Rogers theory resulting in a new therapeutic approach for working alongside children, known as non directive play therapy. As in adult psychotherapy, the relationship between the therapist and the child in play therapy is based on being genuine, on acceptance and trust. The theory is that if children are given the opportunity to freely express their feelings and emotions they will resolve these issues themselves, using play experiences and the assistance of their play therapist in order to achieve this (Wilson Ryan, 2005). Axline (1950) stated that non- directive play therapy is a play experience that is therapeutic because it provides a secure relationship between the child and the adult, so that the child has the freedom and room to state himself in his own terms, exactly as he is at that moment in this own way and in his own time (p. 68). Axline based her theory on her work with a young boy called Dibs. Axline held that Dibs healed himself through no direction over a period of time. She said No-one ever knows as much about a human beings inner world as the individual himself. Responsible freedom grows and develops from inside the person. (Wilson Ryan, 2005). Axline, unlike Freud and Klein who both focused primarily on psychoanalysis, believed children would do their best to meet their full potential and by providing a therapeutic relationship and approach which would support that development. Many therapists today base their work on Axlines (1947) eight principle guidelines Axlines principles outline, The importance of developing a relationship between the therapist and client from the beginning. Accepting the child and who they are without judgement. Provide the child with a safe environment to express their feelings completely. The therapist is alert and available to provide the child with feedback to assist the clients behaviour, The therapists provides the child with a scaffold to learn how to cope and solve their own problems and to respect their choices. The therapist is required not to direct the child in any manner, unless where the childs safety is at risk. The therapist allows the child to lead the session and the therapist follows their lead. The therapist is patient and understands it is a gradual process requiring time. The therapist provides limits that are essential to assist the therapy into a sense of reality and provide the client with information in relation to their responsibilities within the relationship (Axline, 1947). Based on Axlines theory of non-directive play therapy, Landreth (2002) developed his theory of Child Centred Play Therapy. Landreth (2002) states the relationship between the child and the therapist must be different from other types of relationships the child has experienced. The relationship between the two is to ensure the child feels safe and comfortable to be expressive within their play, allowing natural communication to occur. He believes the true foundation to the relationship within child centred therapy is that of the bond between the therapist and child (Landreth 2002). Another influential contribution to the area of play therapy is the work of David Levy (1938). Levys Release Therapy allows children release their anxieties through controlled play set out by the therapist. Levy provided free play therapy based on Kleins theory of free play. Toys are introduced into the settings that are related to the event that requires intervention and the child plays freely with the chosen toys. Growth of Play Therapy Child psychotherapy has established a strong tradition across Europe and has grown significantly. In Ireland, child psychotherapy has grown more slowly in comparison to American and Europe. However, professionals interest in play as a therapeutic intervention has developed gradually over the past decade. Practioners are becoming more increasingly aware of the seriousness of emotional issues experienced by children and the difficulties that may arise. These children are likely to require more serious treatment that may not be available to them. Play Therapy Theories and Approaches There are two techniques used within Play Therapy, non- directive Play Therapy and Directive Play Therapy. Non directive play therapy approaches are referred to as , child-focused, client centred and unstructured, where components of directive play therapy are described as structured, directive and focused Gil (1994). Gil (1994), elaborates on various directive play techniques, including behavioural or gestalt, but suggests that non directive play therapy is a more child focused approach. He explains that non-directive play therapy provides the child the freedom to participate in their own way throughout the session, allowing the therapy to move in specific direction required for the session. Within structured play therapy, the play therapist plans activities adapting a directive play approach. During the formation of a relationship between the therapist and client within directive Play Therapy a less directive technique is used. This allows the therapist to build a foundation to the relationship and over time, directive techniques are weaned into the relationship (Jones, Casado and Robinson, 2003). Similarly, supporting this concept, Berting (2009) suggests that building on the concept on developing a therapeutic relationship using a less directive approach is best practice, before proceeding with more directive activities in the core area of the play therapy session. He also suggests observing the childs need to be able to or prepared to carry out directive play therapy. Non-Directive Play Therapy ( who are the key people in NDPT and explain what you will discuss With over 60 years of influential work, Axlines contribution to non directive play therapy was outstanding. He is known as the founder of non directive play therapy and his work still influences play therapists in many ways. He believed the play therapist should have very little influence on the clients play and the client should communicate through their play, which is still a core principle today. The idea of reaching your full potential as a child in play therapy was originally proposed by Axline (1947). He explained the theory of progressing towards full potential occurs because of the formation of the therapeutic relationship, and not that of specialised techniques. Ray, Blanco, Sullivan, and Holliman (2009) support Axlines theory by stating the play therapists develops a relationship with the client by building on their acceptance.. In return, the client develops self-acceptance which results in moving towards their full potential. Today, play therapists continue to build on the foundations of non-directive approach guided by Axlines creative work, the area of non-directive play therapy continues to progress, more than 60 years later. Client-centred play therapy. Developing the ideas of Axline (1947) and Moustakas (1959), Landreth (2002) improved their theories to develop client centred play therapy. In Play Therapy Virginia Axline (1947/69) suggests that the individual has within himself the ability to solve his own problems, and that in play therapy, where conditions for growth are optimal, the child reaches for independence (Axline, 1955). She expressed the importance of the therapist to allow the child to explore and investigate the room and toys with his own initiative with support of the experience and the relationship (Axline, 1955). Star this section from Moustakas Moustakas (1959) felt children required the need to feel they were understood gain self directed skills in order to grow. These skills could be achieved through client centred play therapy, focusing on the clients direction throughout the session. Astramovich (1999) supported the client centred therapy approach stating it focuses on the growth and development of the child, and this can be achieved by the child directing their own play through the session. Directive Play Therapy Explain to the reader what approaches you will cover: McMahon (1992) states directive play therapy aims to prepare children for an event that is about to occur, for example surgery or other unpleasant events. Directive play therapy works towards treating the childs anxieties they may be unaware of. McMahon (1992) suggests the directive approach is closer to psychotherapy than to Axlines non directive theory. She elaborates on the therapist having the skills to deal with unexpected circumstances which may arise, and always be prepared and accept the childs response. Oaklander (1978) holds that there are the benefits of fantasy and projective methods to use in directive play therapy. He suggests asking children to draw their family as symbols or animals, directing their play to observe their emotional needs. The use of Gestalt methods is expanding over time, the theory behind this approach is beneficial to the child to deal with their feelings they are experiencing at the present, instead to going too far back towards traumatic experiences (McMahon, 1992). Cognitive Behavioural play therapy Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy originally developed for adults, and aims to identify and modify negative thinking styles that cause negative emotions and the maladaptive behaviours associated with those thinking styles (Knell Dasari, 2009). Cognitive behavioural play therapy is a sensitive approach seen to be effective when working with children based on CBT from 8 years and above with various disorders. Cognitive behavioural play therapy is used to teach children strategies to change their negative thinking and views in order to develop positive thinking and understandings (Knell Dasari 2009). Green (2008) elaborates on the various styles of the cognitive behavioural approach used within play therapy including, changing their cognitive development, discussing and eliminating senseless beliefs or ideas and cognitive misrepresentations. The play therapist modifies the cognitive behavioural therapy to suit the needs of the child within play therapy. Gestalt play therapy Gestalt play therapy, according to Oaklander (2001), focuses on the holistic views of the child, including their body, their emotional state, and their mind. Gestalt Play therapy focuses on the childs ability to understand how to express their emotions and is essential for a healthy understanding of their own emotions. Oaklander (2001) supports his theory by developing a variety of ways to express ones emotions. Oaklander (2001) suggests clay, art, crafts and puppets to help assist the expression of emotions through play in a directive manner. The Gestalt work focuses on the what and how rather than the why as found (Oaklander 2001) found. Alderian Play Therapy Within Adlerian Therapy, the therapist focuses on and examines the lifestyle of the client and tries to form a relationship of respect and trust with the client in order to set and reach their goals. Adlerian play therapy is a little different as it sets out to appeal to the child but is focused on the Adlerian method just in a child friendly manner. (Morrison 2009). Kottman (2001) suggests Adlerian play therapy may use techniques from non- directive and focused play therapy in order to the help the child build confidence, courage and abilities by using the Adlerian play therapy method. It is believed within the Adlerian method behaviours carried out by the client are intentional and by using the Adlerian method of play therapy, children can learn to develop coping mechanisms and strategies as suggested by Kottman and Warlick (1989). Psychoanalytic play therapy Melanie Klein, Anna Freud, studied under the Freudian psychoanalysis each developing their beliefs. Both individuals had a major influence of the development of psychoanalytical play therapy Melanie Klien believed all play was symbolic; in contrast to this Anna Freud believed it was the replay of real life events. Anna believed play therapy was allowing children to talk about the conscious feelings and thoughts and to act out the unconscious; however Klien in contrast to Anna Freud made interpretations from the unconscious meanings to from their play and felt strongly this was the correct understanding (McMahon 1992). Freud argues for the importance of building a relationship between the therapist and the client in order to provide adequate therapy to the client. She did not believe in interpreting the clients play until the relationship was developed amongst both parties (Cattanach, 1992). Klien argues against Freud, emphasising the importance to begin interpretation without the foundations of a relationship with the child resulting in delays to the therapy (Cattanach, 1992). Parental / Primary Carer Involvement The input and involvement of the primary carer is significant when providing Play Therapy to Children. Involvement provides positive outcomes to both the therapist and the child. The therapist can receive back ground information of the problem, the events and behaviours, the primary carer can provide the therapist with information in relation to the childs progress. Primary carer involvement provides security, stability and emotional support for the child if the therapy may become distressing for the child. A parents emotional availability is suggested to be the tool to success of Play Therapy (Wilson Ryan, 2005) Primary carers may be unaware of what Play Therapy is, and how it is used. As the primary carer brings the child to the centre weekly it is suggested that the therapist should provide adequate information and assistance in relation to the treatment and their part in the therapy (Wilson and Ryan 2005). The therapist should ensure they dont replace the parent child relationship although their relationship is significant for successful results and progress. Play Therapists can involve parents in a variety of ways, for instance the therapist can ask for the parent to sit in on the therapy to assist the settling period, therapist provide feedback to the parents, after each session or after a particular period of time. This can allow therapists provide parents with advice and ideas of how to bring the therapy into the home and provide consistency (Landreth, 2001 and McGuire McGuire, 2001). Training There are independent organisations that within their own country have their own play therapy training; however they adopt the standards of Play Therapy Internationals standards. Their training is recognised and certified. Play Therapy Ireland, Play Therapy United Kingdom and Play Therapy Canada are well developed and link with Play Therapy Ireland through their practice. Other countries are gradually developing their own Play Therapy International standards. The Childrens Therapy Centre are the only APT approved provider in Ireland. Their courses are recognised by the Irish Association for Play Therapy and have approved quality assurance standards with both FETAC and HETAC. Conclusion In this chapter a review of the current literature relating to play therapy was addressed. I will present a small scale study carried out on the perception of Play Therapists. In the next chapter I will outline and discuss methods for gathering data for this study. A

Environment and Economy of Kuwait :: Geography

Environment and Economy of Kuwait Kuwait is not self-sufficient in agriculture but the country will be in the future. Its production of cereals, vegetables and fruit grown in the oasis of Jahra and scattered smallholdings is not sufficient for the population's needs, due to limitations of water supply, fertile soil, climate and manpower. Much of its food needs to be imported but government investment and the work of the Kuwait Experimental farm have led to improvements whereby existing resources are more efficiently utilized. Kuwait is a small arid desert land of about 6200 square miles. There is virtually no natural source of fresh water. Climatic conditions entail occasional high winds and dust storms, little or no rainfall, and summer temperatures as high as 120Ã ¸F. "Consequently, arable land amounts to less than 9% of total acreage."1 Soil deficiencies and the intense heat and sunlight allow continued cultivation only by expensive underground pipe-fed irrigation or by hydroponics. Ordinary irrigation under these conditions results in gradually increasing soil salinity. this phenomenon has been the cause of the estimated 1% annual decrease in arable land for the region as a whole. Hence, development of traditional agriculture is severely restricted. Kuwaitis are under no illusion that self-sufficiency will take less than 20 to 30 years to attain and even then it cannot include such items as beef and cereals. For Kuwait cereal production is considered too expensive and unnecessary. Self-sufficiency in poultry, vegetables and fruit is a visible goal: already Kuwait produces 60% of the eggs it needs, 40% of the poultry meat and 100% of the tomatoes. The next emphasis is likely to be on dairy farming and animal husbandry to increase the 25% of the required milk supplies that is produced in the country. The Kuwaitis are very conscious of the fact that urban growth and the hunting of animals which used to live in the desert has meant the virtual extinction of wildlife. Kuwait is importing from many countries animals such as cows, chickens and sheep. In view of Kuwait's extremely unpromising natural environment which was made even worse after the Persian Gulf War, the key to all its hopes for self-sufficiency lies in research and experiments. Their experimental farm research farm:Omariya, the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research and the Kuwait Fund for the Advancement of Sciences are engaged in a variety of projects concerned with the hybridization of plants, animal breeding, the increase of yields in desert conditions, the treatment of brackish water and effluent water, irrigation methods, etc.